CONSTRAINTS AND CHALLENGES FOR THE GLOBAL MANAGER
·
Contrast the
actions of managers according to the omnipotent and symbolic views.
According
to the omnipotent view, managers are directly responsible for an
organization’s success or failure. The symbolic view argues that much of
an organization’s success or failure is due to external forces outside
managers’ control.
The
two constraints on managers’ discrection are the organization’s culture
(internal) and the environment (external). Managers are not totally constrained
by these two factors since they can and do influence their culture and
environment.
·
Describe the
constraints and challenges facing managers in today’s external environment.
The
external environment includes those factors and forces outside the organization
that affect its performance. The main components include economic, demographic,
political/legal, sociocultural, technological, and global. Managers face constraints
and challenges from these components because of the impact they have on jobs
and employment, environmental uncertainty, and stakeholder relationship.
·
Discuss the
characteristics and importance of organizational culture.
The
seven dimensions of culture:
1.
Attention to detail
2.
Outcome orientation
3.
People orientation
4.
Team orientation
5.
Aggressiveness
6.
Stability
7.
Innovation and risk taking
The stronger a culture becomes, the more it affects the way managers
plan, organize, lead, and control. The original source of a culture reflectsthe
vision of organizational founders. The culture (stories, rituals, material
symbols, and language) affects how managers olan, organize, lead, and control.
·
Describe
curent issues in organizationaal culture.
The
characteristics of an innovative culture are:
1.
Challenge and involvement
2.
Freedom
3.
Trust and openness
4.
Idea time
5.
Playfulness/humor
6.
Conflict resolution
7.
Debates
8.
Risk-taking
A customer-responsive culture has five characteristics:
1.
Outgoing and friendly employees
2.
Jobs with few rigid rules,
procedures, and regulations
3.
Empowerment
4.
Clear roles and expectations
5.
Employees who are conscientious in
their desire to please the customer.
Spiritual organizationstend to have five characteristics:
1.
Strong sense of purpose
2.
Focus on individual development
3.
Trust and openness
4.
Employee empowerment
5.
Toleration of employee expression
Artikel ini dapat dicopy-paste atau disebarluaskan. Namun, selalu cantumkan http://darikelas.blogspot.com/ sebagai sumber artikel.
Jadilah seorang pembaca yang baik dengan memberi komentar setelah membaca artikel ini. Kontribusi Anda dapat membantu kami untuk mengembangkan blog ini.
Like Facebook Page dan Follow Twitter-nya ya.
Categories:
Manajemen
0 komentar:
Posting Komentar